Djurunderstött socialt arbete - effekter och vetenskaplig förankring

More and more often we hear about animals as a part of social work. The idea of animals having positive effects on peoples’ physical and psychological health seem to be generally accepted among both active practitioners in the human service professions and the general public. We established two main purposes. First we examined which effects of animal assisted social work the active practitioners identifies in their clients. We also ascertained if and how they explained the identified effects in a scientific manner. To fulfill our purpose we did some semistructured interviews with practitioners who are using the help of dogs and horses in their work with clients. We also analyzed the content of an amount of Swedish websites belonging to active practitioners and organizations in the field of animal assisted social work. Our results and analysis led us on to present some scientific declaration concerning the effects, but mainly discuss the lack of evidence and scientificity in the methods used, and the difficulties that could bring. Further discussions are presented concerning organizational management versus professional management, acting space and tacit knowledge. We also discussed the importance of evaluation and an element of standardized methods to legitimize animal assisted social work amongst field constituents. Conclusions drawn was that the field needs more large-scaled research done, both to legitimate and promote its methods

Catedra de anatomie topografică și chirurgie operatorie la aniversarea de 75 de ani a Universității de Stat de Medicină și Farmacie „Nicolae Testemițanu”.

Catedra de anatomie topografică și chirurgie operatorie a fost fondată în anul 1945 cu baza clinică la Spitalul Feroviar, fiind condusă de docentul Alexei Troiţchi, fost medic militar. În perioadă 1950-1955, funcţia de şef catedră a fost deţinută de profesorul Savelii Rubaşov, ilustru savant, medic-chirurg, alături de care au activat conferențiarii, doctorii în științe medicale Idel Lerner şi Mihail Şcerbacov. În perioada 1956-1987, în fruntea catedrei s-a aflat Valentina Parfentieva, dr. hab. st. med., profesor, Savant Emerit, reprezentantă a remarcabilei Școli de chirurgie operatorie şi anatomie topografică din Sankt-Petersburg. În anii 1987-1999, în fruntea catedrei s-a aflat profesorul Ion Podubnîi, Lucrător Emerit al învățământului public. În anul 1999 şef catedră a fost ales, prin concurs, Boris Topor, dr. hab. st. med., profesor, discipol al profesorului Valentina Parfentieva şi al academicianului Vladimir Kovanov, profesor la Universitatea de Stat de Medicină I. M. Sechenov din Moscova, Rusia

Рак шейки матки: cовременные взгляды

National College of Medicne and Pharmacy, Congresul III al Medicilor de Familie din Republica Moldova, 17–18 mai, 2012, Chişinău, Republica Moldova, Conferinţa Naţională „Maladii bronhoobstructive la copii”, consacrată profesorului universitar, doctor habilitat Victor Gheţeul, 27 aprilie, Chişinău, Republica MoldovaThe spread of the Human Papilloma Virus infection presents a real threat, which is not only detrimental to health, but also economic and social well-being, with effects on various aspects health, such as cognitive, behavioral and relational health. The objective is to strengthen the knowledge and practical skills of students in initial vocational training, development of skills for communication, behavior and relationships, in order to form a correct management strategy in providing medical services to the patients with cervical pathologyРаспространение инфекции ВПЧ (вирус папилломы человека) представляет реальную угрозу не только для здоровья, но также экономические, социальные, различные аспекты, такие как когнитивные, поведенческие и реляционные. Целью работы является укрепление знаний и практических навыков для студентов профессионального начального образования, коммуникативные навыки развития, поведения и отношений, чтобы сформировать правильное управление в предоставлении медицинских услуг больным с патологией шейки матки

Professional risks for people employed in the field of IT

Rezumat Obiective. Identificarea factorilor de risc profesional la persoanele angajate în sfera tehnologiilor informaționale moderne. Materiale și metode. Studiul actual s-a realizat prin sondaj, pe un eșantion de 100 persoane, angajate în domeniul IT cu vârstele cuprinse între 18 și 40 de ani. Rezultate. În conformitate cu rezultatele obținute s-a observat că un factor ce influențează sănătatea este stresul cu o pondere de 20%, sedentarismul constituie 15%, supasolicitarea vizuală 14%, suprasolicitarea mâinilor constituie 10%, poza de muncă incorectă cu o pondere de 5%, iar volumul mare de lucru și timp limitat corespund ponderii de 4%, cea mai mica pondere a fost înregistrată pentru factorii de muncă tradiționali: zgomot (3%), curenți de aer (3%) și monotonia (2%). Discuții. Starea de oboseală ce poate condiționa scăderea capacității de muncă, în mare măsură depinde de mărimea și durata efortului, condițiile de muncă, sarcini monotone. În procesul de muncă a angajaților din domeniul IT, mai frecvent se manifestă factorii de intensitate mică, dar care, acționând permanent și îndelungat, pot influența selectiv sau în general colectivul de angajați. Concluzii. Activitatea profesională a angajaților din domeniul IT poate influența negativ starea de sănătate prin diverși factori de risc de natură fizică sau cu caracter psihoemoțional.Summary Objectives. Identification of professional risk factors for people employed in the field of modern information technologies. Materials and methods. The current study was carried out by survey, on a sample of 100 people, employed in the IT field, aged between 18 and 40 years. Results. According to the results obtained, it was observed that a factor influencing health is stress with a share of 20%, sedentary lifestyle constituted 15%, and visual overload 14%, hand overload constituted 10%, incorrect work posture with a share of 5%, and high workload and limited time corresponded to the share of 4%, the lowest share was recorded for traditional work factors: noise (3%), air currents (3%) and monotony (2%). Discussions. The state of fatigue that can condition the decrease in work capacity largely depends on the magnitude and duration of effort, working conditions, monotony of tasks performed. In the work process of employees in the IT field, the factors of low intensity, but acting permanently and for a long time, can influence selectively or in general influence the collective of employees. Conclusions. The professional activity of IT employees can negatively influence the state of health through various physical or psycho-emotional risk factors

Koerte kasutamine inimeste abistamisel rehabilitatsiooni valdkonnas ja sotsiaaltöös

http://www.ester.ee/record=b4428648~S58*es

Animal-assisted therapy used for anxiety disorders in patients with learning disabilities: An observational study

Introduction: Animal-assisted therapy is defined as the positive interaction between an animal and a patient within a therapeutic framework. Previous studies have reported on the beneficial effects of animal-assisted therapy with patients suffering from anxiety, a major challenge for professionals caring for patients with intellectual disability. The presence of psychiatric comorbidities such as depression or anxiety within this population is two to four times higher than in the general population. Finding new treatment options for such anxiety disorders is important. The aim of this observational study was to explore whether the level of anxiety decreased when a dog was present during therapy for people with learning disability. Method: This was an observational study which involved 53 adult patients with mild learning disabilities (26 men) average age, 36.5 +/- 11.2 years. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was completed by participants with the therapist, before and after two 30-min therapeutic sessions, one in the presence of a dog and the other with only the therapist. Results: The STAI score significantly decreased after the session with the dog, which was not the case after the session without the dog). After the animal-assisted session, the STAI score was significantly lower (Z = -4.654; p < 0.0001), which was not the case for the session without the dog (Z = -1.054; p = 0.295). There was a significant difference in anxiety between men and women. Conclusion: Results suggest that there are positive benefits of animal-assisted therapy for individuals with learning disabilities which require confirmation in a randomized controlled trial

Adam33 polymorphisms are associated with COPD and lung function in long-term tobacco smokers

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Variation in ADAM33 has been shown to be important in the development of asthma and altered lung function. This relationship however, has not been investigated in the population susceptible to COPD; long term tobacco smokers. We evaluated the association between polymorphisms in ADAM33 gene with COPD and lung function in long term tobacco smokers.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Caucasian subjects, at least 50 year old, who smoked ≥ 20 pack-years (n = 880) were genotyped for 25 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ADAM33. COPD was defined as an FEV1/FVC ratio < 70% and percent-predicted (pp)FEV1 < 75% (n = 287). The control group had an FEV1/FVC ratio ≥ 70% and ppFEV₁≥ 80% (n = 311) despite ≥ 20 pack years of smoking. Logistic and linear regressions were used for the analysis. Age, sex, and smoking status were considered as potential confounders.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Five SNPs in ADAM33 were associated with COPD (Q-1, intronic: p < 0.003; S1, Ile → Val: p < 0.003; S2, Gly → Gly: p < 0.04; V-1 intronic: p < 0.002; V4, in 3' untranslated region: p < 0.007). Q-1, S1 and V-1 were also associated with ppFEV1, FEV1/FVC ratio and ppFEF25–75 (p values 0.001 – 0.02). S2 was associated with FEV1/FVC ratio (p < 0.05). The association between S1 and residual volume revealed a trend toward significance (p value < 0.07). Linkage disequilibrium and haplotype analyses suggested that S1 had the strongest degree of association with COPD and pulmonary function abnormalities.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Five SNPs in ADAM33 were associated with COPD and lung function in long-term smokers. Functional studies will be needed to evaluate the biologic significance of these polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of COPD.</p

Dinamica indicilor ventilaţiei pulmonare la pacienţii cu bronhopneumopatie obstructivă cronică trataţi cu ipratropium bromid

Studiul pe un lot de 28 de bărbaţi cu bronhopneumopatie obstructivă cronică a demonstrat că Ipratropium bromid ameliorează permeabilitatea bronhiilor, ventilaţia pulmonară, simptomatica bolii şi este bine tolerat de pacienţi

О разрешимости проблем ограниченности для счетчиковых машин Минского

In the paper the decidability of boundedness problems for counter Minsky machines is investigated. It is proved, that for Minsky machines with two counters the boundedness is partial decidable, but for the total boundedness problem does not even exist a semidecision algorithm. On the other hand, for one-counter Minsky machines all these problems are polinomial (quantitatively of local machine states) decidable.Исследуется разрешимость проблем ограниченности для счетчиковых машин Минского. Доказывается, что для машин Минского с двумя счетчиками проблема ограниченности лишь частично разрешима, а проблема тотальной ограниченности не является даже частично разрешимой. Для односчет-чиковых машин Минского указанные проблемы разрешимы за время, полиномиально зависящее от общего количества локальных состояний счетчиковой машины